Installing and Configuring the Caddy Web Server on Debian 10
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Caddy is a fast, open-source, and security-focused web server written in Go. Caddy includes modern features such as support for virtual hosts, minification of static files, and HTTP/2. Caddy is also the first web-server that can obtain and renew SSL/TLS certificates automatically using Let’s Encrypt.
Before You Begin
Familiarize yourself with our Getting Started guide and complete the steps for setting your Linode’s hostname and timezone.
Complete the sections of our Securing Your Server guide to create a standard user account, harden SSH access, and remove unnecessary network services.
Register (purchase) your site’s domain name and follow our DNS Manager Overview guide to point the domain to your Linode.
Update your system:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
Install Caddy
Download
caddy:sudo apt install -y debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring apt-transport-https curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/gpg.key' | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/caddy-stable.asc curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/debian.deb.txt' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/caddy-stable.listInstall Caddy: sudo apt update sudo apt install caddy
To verify the installation of caddy type: caddy version An output similar to the following appears:
v2.4.3 h1:Y1FaV2N4WO3rBqxSYA8UZsZTQdN+PwcoOcAiZTM8C0I=
Allow HTTP and HTTPS Connections
Caddy serves websites using HTTP and HTTPS protocols, so you need to allow access to the ports 80, and 443.
sudo ufw allow proto tcp from any to any port 80,443
An output similar to the following appears:
Rule added
Rule added (v6)- Verify the changes: sudo ufw status
An output similar to the following appears:
Status: active
To Action From
-- ------ ----
OpenSSH ALLOW Anywhere
80,443/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
OpenSSH (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
80,443/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)Add Web Content
Set up a home directory, web root, for your website:
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/example.comCreate a test page:
echo '<!doctype html><head><title>Caddy Test Page</title></head><body><h1>Hello, World!</h1></body></html>' > /var/www/html/example.com/index.html
Configure the Caddyfile
Add your hostname and web root to the Caddy configuration. Use an editor of your choice and replace :80 with your domain name. Set the root directory of the site to /var/www/html/example.com Replace example.com with your site’s domain name:
- File: /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
1 2 3 4example.com { root * /var/www/html/example.com file_server }
Start and Enable the Caddy Service
Enable the Caddy service:
sudo systemctl start caddyVerify that the service is active:
sudo systemctl status caddyAn output similar to the following appears:
● caddy.service - Caddy Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/caddy.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-09-02 18:25:29 IST; 4s ago Docs: https://caddyserver.com/docs/ Main PID: 19314 (caddy) CGroup: /system.slice/caddy.service └─19314 /usr/bin/caddy run --environ --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile... Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: SHELL=/sbin/nologin Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1270738..."} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy systemd[1]: Started Caddy. Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1316314...]} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1317837...0} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1324193..."} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1324632..."} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1325648..."} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1326034..."} Sep 02 18:25:29 caddy caddy[19314]: {"level":"info","ts":1630587329.1326299..."} Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
To check the latest logs without truncation use sudo journalctl -u caddy --no-pager | less +G.
- Open a web browser and visit your domain. You should see the contents of the
index.htmlpage that you created in the Add Web Content section.
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